安徽省珍稀植物新纪录

水禾属和水禾为安徽省植物分布新纪录属和种。该文介绍了采自安徽省无为县禾本科单种属珍稀植物水禾的主要形态特征、生态特性和繁殖方法。     

Callus Induction of Aloe vera L var chinensis (Haw) Berg

Studies were given to the induction and growth of callus of Aloe vera L.var.chinensis(Haw.) Berg when the young stem was applied as explant.MS was taken as basic medium,added with various concentrations of auxins(IAA,IBA,NAA and 2,4-D),cytokinins(6-BA,KT and Zeatin) and the different combinations of these plant growth regulators.Results showed that the callus is barely induced by cytokinin alone,and the callus induction rates have significant difference when different concentrations of auxin and different combinations of auxin with cytokinin are used on the MS medium.In order to inhibit callus browning during culturing,various concentrations of vitamin C or active carbon are added into four combinations of auxin and cytokinin respectively,which can induce callus most effectively.The result showsd that vitamin C can alleviate callus browning more effectively than the active carbon.The most efficient medium for induction and growth of callus of Aloe vera L.var.chinensis(Haw.) Berg was MS+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L 2,4-D+10 mg/ L vitamin C,with which the callus induction rate can reach to 91.4% and callus grow vigorously.     

NaCl对库拉索芦荟的胁迫效应研究

温室盆栽条件下，研究了100～400mmol／L NaCl胁迫对2年生库拉索芦荟的生长及体内离子分布的影响。结果表明，100mmoL／L NaCl处理下芦荟植株干重和叶片叶绿素含量与对照差异不显著，200和400mmol／L NaCl处理下干重和叶绿素含量显著下降；芦荟根系活力在200mmol／L NaCl处理下达到最大值，增加盐浓度，根系活力下降；盐胁迫处理的叶片电解质渗漏率显著高于对照，随着胁迫强度的增加而增加。盐胁迫下，芦荟体内Na^＋和Cl^-含量随着盐浓度的增加而增加，K^＋和Ca^2＋表现出相反的变化趋势。Na^＋主要积累在茎部，叶片和根系含量较小；Cl^-主要积累在叶片，茎部含量相对高于根系。盐胁迫下芦荟体内K^＋和Ca^2＋含量明显低于对照，随着盐浓度增加，叶片K^＋含量明显增加，Ca^2＋则相反。芦荟叶片保持相对较低的Na^＋／K^＋比率和较强的K^＋和Ca^2＋向上选择性运输能力，是芦荟具有一定耐盐性的重要原因。     

单杆芦荟离体快速繁殖技术研究

单杆芦荟离体快速繁殖，芽增殖培养基以MS＋BA2．5mg/L NAA0.2-0.3mg/L，生根培养基以1／2MS＋NAA 2.0mg/L 活性炭0．2％－0．3％，壮苗培养基以1／2MS＋IBA2.0mg/L为好。培养温度以28℃最佳。快速繁殖方法用分叶法比常用的分株、分芽方法，繁殖系数高。培养出的壮苗移栽于河沙中，成活率一般在80％以上。     

论凉山干热河谷区种植芦荟的生态优越性

论述四川凉山干热河谷区(安宁河谷、金沙江河谷)栽培库拉索芦荟优越的生态条件,提出丰产栽培技术要点和种植区划。     

芦荟有机生态型无土栽培基质的研究

以中华芦荟为试验材料,以炉渣、食用菌渣、泥炭、锯末为无土栽培基质成分,应用消毒有机肥取代传统的营养液,进行有机生态型无土栽培试验.采用类旋转排列试验方法,比较分析8种基质与2种肥力水平相结合对中华芦荟生长的影响.研究结果表明,不同基质对试验材料生长状态的影响差异明显,其中以A2B2组基质配方最佳,即炉渣灰2：平菇渣1：消毒鸡粪10 kg/m^3：复合肥0.5 kg/m%3,可推广应用于生产.     

Comparative efficiency of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria under greenhouse conditions for promoting growth and aloin-A content of Aloe barbadensis

This study was conducted with Aloe barbadensis in order to investigate the efficacy of four phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB), Pseudomonas synxantha 10223, Burkholderia gladioli 10242, Enterobacter hormaechei 10240 and Serratia marcescens 10241 to solubilize Mussorie rock phosphate (MRP) and to evaluate its effects on growth, soluble P content and P uptake compared with control, i.e. uninoculated plants. Pot experiments were conducted in a greenhouse, in soil supplemented with MRP. Each PSB treatment showed different effects on different plant growth parameters. The maximum increase in leaf length (23.7%), total number of leaves (33.33%) and dry rind weight (69.10%) was observed in plants treated with P. synxantha 10223 compared with control. Whereas, maximum increase in root length (23.43%), fresh leaves weight (79.03%), dry gel weight (113.08%) and total gel volume (112.10%), was observed in plants treated with S. marcescens 10241 compared with uninoculated plants. Maximum increase in aloin-A content [114.92% (per g dry gel weight) and 322.32% (per plant dry gel weight)] was observed in plants treated with P. synxantha 10223 compared with control plants. Root colonization by inoculated PSB as estimated by RAPD technique showed that all PSB were able to survive in the rhizosphere of Aloe plants.     

芦荟汁对废电池胁迫下小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长发育的影响

[目的]研究芦荟汁对废电池胁迫下小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长发育的影响。[方法]采用不同浓度的芦荟汁分别对废电池胁迫下的小麦种子及幼苗进行处理,观察其对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长发育的影响。[结果]与对照组相比,废电池浸出液处理下,小麦幼苗的根长、芽长、根数减少,根系活力、种子发芽率、发芽势明显降低。芦荟汁处理能够明显增强废电池胁迫下小麦根系的活力,改善多项指标。[结论]废电池浸出液对小麦种子的萌发和幼苗的生长发育有抑制和毒害作用,适宜浓度的芦荟汁能够缓解废电池对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长发育所造成的抑制和毒害作用。     

Comparison of the distribution of mineral nutrients and active substances in dehydration- and salinity-stressed Aloe vera L.

Changes in growth and distribution of inorganic mineral elements and organic active substances in seedlings of A. vera were examined under treatments of ?0.44 and ?0.88 MPa polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG) and corresponding isosmotic sodium chloride (NaCl). All stress treatments inhibited plant growth, with NaCl severely inhibiting the growth of the seedlings than PEG. However, leaf biomass did not change significantly. The nitrogen concentration under PEG was maintained higher than that under NaCl. Salinity caused more severe ionic imbalance than dehydration. However, when the concentration of NaCl was increased, ion homeostasis was maintained. Stressors induced an increase in aloin concentration in leaves, especially in young leaves. Polysaccharide concentrations in leaves did not change under dehydration. However, the polysaccharide concentration decreased in the middle and base leaves under NaCl. A. vera exhibited high adaptability to suitable osmotic stress, which increases its main active ingredients in leaves.     

Characterization of phosphate solubilizing fluorescent pseudomonads from the rhizosphere of Aloe vera (L.)

Soil phosphorous (P) deficiency is a major constraint to plant production which is overcome by adding inorganic-phosphate as chemical fertilizers. Fluorescent pseudomonads are the diverse group of bacteria able to mobilize sparingly soluble phosphate form. Total three hundred seven fluorescent Pseudomonas isolates were obtained from the Aloe barbadensis (Miller) rhizosphere. These Pseudomonas strains were further evaluated in vitro for their ability to solubilize phosphate and to produce indole acetic acid (IAA), hydrogen cyanide (HCN), siderophore and 1-aminocyclopropane 1- carboxylate (ACC) deaminase. Fifty three (36.8%) isolates produced IAA and 52 (36.1%) isolates produced siderophores whereas 36 (25.0%) and 31 (21.5%) isolates produced HCN and ACC deaminase, respectively. A positive correlation existed between siderophore and ACC deaminase producers. Cluster analysis showed rhizosphere as the major factor influencing the ecological distribution and physiological characterization of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB). Based on partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing PSB were identified as Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas sp. and Pseudomonas plecoglossicida with highest phosphate solubilization ability. In conclusion, these phosphate solubilizing fluorescent pseudomonads would help in understanding their role in phosphorus solubilization and identification of potent phosphorus solubilizers from the rhizosphere of commercially grown A. barbadensis.